Visual library

Diagrams and charts

Each diagram is drawn as scalable vector art, labelled, and legible on a phone. Use them for revision sheets and for teaching.

Reference plates

Large master charts for the hardest material — the guṇasthāna ladder, the 148 karma prakṛtis, the mechanics of bondage and the logic of anekāntavāda. Tap any plate to open it full screen, zoom in and read the fine print.

GuṇasthānaMohanīyaKṣaya / upaśama

Karma status at each guṇasthāna

Which of the eight karmas is present, in subsidence (upaśama) or destroyed (kṣaya) at each of the fourteen stages, with the upaśama and kṣapaka paths after stage 10.

Chapters 8, 9

GuṇasthānaEight karmasKaṣāya

Karma and the fourteen guṇasthānas — complete map

The eight karmas split into ghātiyā and aghātiyā, the state of the soul at each stage, the detail of darśana- and cāritra-mohanīya, and the journey from bondage to liberation.

Chapters 8, 9, 10

PrakṛtiNāma karmaMohanīya

148 karma prakṛtis

The full sub-division of the eight main karmas — 93 ghātiyā and 55 aghātiyā prakṛtis — including the sixty-two divisions of mohanīya and the ninety-three of nāma karma (8.4-8.14).

Chapter 8

ĀsravaBandhaKaṣāya

Karma bondage — how karma actually binds

Yoga to āsrava to kaṣāya to bandha, the five causes of inflow, the four intensities of passion, and the four dimensions of bondage: prakṛti, sthiti, anubhāga and pradeśa (6.1-6.5, 8.3-8.4).

Chapters 6, 8

Ghātiyā karmaKevala-jñāna

The four ghātiyā karmas compared

Jñānāvaraṇīya, darśanāvaraṇīya, mohanīya and antarāya side by side — what each obstructs, its everyday analogy, where it is destroyed and what its destruction yields.

Chapters 8, 10

AnekāntavādaNayaDravya-guṇa-paryāya

Anekāntavāda — the doctrine of non-one-sidedness

Dravya, guṇa and paryāya illustrated through gold; the seven nayas; syādvāda; and the sapta-bhaṅgī sevenfold predication with the pot as example (5.29-5.31).

Chapters 1, 5

OverviewDravyaTattvaGuṇasthānaRatnatraya

Master summary sheet — the whole system on one page

Six dravyas, seven tattvas, eight karmas, twenty-eight mohanīya prakṛtis, fourteen guṇasthānas, samyagdarśana and its eight aṅgas, four kaṣāyas × four intensities, nine no-kaṣāyas, the ratnatraya, five samitis, three guptis and the full journey from mithyātva to mokṣa.

Chapters 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

DravyaTattva

Six dravyas and seven tattvas — illustrated cards

Each substance and each fundamental truth with an icon and a plain-English meaning: jīva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, ākāśa, kāla; and jīva, ajīva, āsrava, bandha, saṃvara, nirjarā, mokṣa (1.4, 5.1-5.2).

Chapters 1, 5

Karma classificationMohanīyaKaṣāya

Broad classification of karmas

A full tree: ghātiyā vs aghātiyā, karmas directly controllable by the soul vs not, darśana- and cāritra-mohanīya, the sixteen kaṣāya-mohanīya, the nine no-kaṣāyas, and what each intensity of passion does and where it drops away.

Chapters 8, 9

NarakaSeven hellsAdho-lokaKarma

The seven hells — Nāraka Loka

A complete infographic of the seven hells (sapta naraka): names, colours, distances, life spans, who falls there, the punishments, and the structure of each hell with its seven regions (3.1-3.12).

Chapter 3

Deva-lokaVimānaSiddha-śilāUrdhva-loka

The heavenly realms — Deva Loka

The twelve vimāna levels from Prāṇata to Graiveyaka, the five Anuttara heavens, Siddha-śilā above all, and how heavenly pleasure is temporary while only liberation is eternal (3.13-3.39).

Chapter 3

Vector diagrams

Chapter 1 · Ratnatraya — the three jewels

Ratnatraya — the three jewels

One path, three inseparable components (1.1).

Right faith, right knowledge and right conduct forming one pathSamyagdarśanaSamyagjñānaSamyakcāritraMokṣa-mārgaone path, not three

Chapter 1 · The seven tattvas

The seven tattvas

Two substances and the five stages between them (1.4).

Seven tattvas in sequenceJīvasoulAjīvanon-soulĀsravainfluxBandhabondageSaṃvarastoppageNirjarāsheddingMokṣafreedomsubstancesthe karmic processgoal

Chapter 1 · Five kinds of knowledge

Five kinds of knowledge

Ascending purity, descending dependence (1.9-1.12).

The five knowledges classified as direct or indirectMatisenses + mindparokṣaŚrutaarticulated / scripturalparokṣaAvadhiclairvoyance of material thingspratyakṣaManaḥparyāyamodes of others' mindspratyakṣaKevalaall substances, all modespratyakṣa

Chapter 2 · The five bhāvas

The five bhāvas

States of the soul and their subdivisions (2.1-2.2).

Five states of the soulAupaśamikakarma subsided2 kindsKṣāyikakarma destroyed9 kindsKṣāyopaśamikamixed18 kindsAudayikakarma operative21 kindsPāriṇāmikasoul's own nature3 kinds

Chapter 2 · Classification of souls

Classification of souls

By mobility and number of senses (2.10-2.24).

Souls classified by mobility and sensesJīvaSaṃsārī (transmigrating)Mukta (liberated)Sthāvara — 1 senseTrasa — 2 to 5earth, water, fire,air, plantworm → insect → animal→ human, god, hell-beingonly 5-sensed rational beings can begin the path

Chapter 2 · The five bodies

The five bodies

Each subtler than the last, with more space-points (2.37-2.38).

Five bodies in order of subtletyAudārikagross — humans, animalsVaikriyikatransformable — gods, hell-beingsĀhārakaprojectable — advanced ascetic onlyTaijasaluminous — digestion, radianceKārmaṇakarmic — the seed of all bodiessubtlety ↑size ↓

Chapter 3 · Structure of the loka

Structure of the loka

The fourteen majestic worlds (raaj lok): the seven earths below, the middle world with Jambūdvīpa and Mount Meru, the heavens and the five anuttara vimānas above, crowned by the siddha-śilā, with aloka — endless ultra-cosmic space — beyond (3.1, 3.39, 4.19-4.20).

The fourteen majestic worlds of the Jain universe: seven hells in the lower world, the middle world with Mount Meru, the twelve devlokas, nine graiveyaka and five anuttara heavens above, and the siddha-śilā at the crown

Chapter 3 · Jambūdvīpa — seven regions

Jambūdvīpa — seven regions and six mountains

A circular continent with Mount Meru at its navel, cut into seven kṣetras by six boundary mountain ranges (3.9-3.11).

The seven regions of Jambudvipa separated by six mountain rangesAirāvatanorthern mirror of BharataŚikharī — boundary mountainHairaṇyavataland of enjoymentRukmī — boundary mountainRamyakaland of enjoymentNīla — boundary mountainVidehaliberation always possibleNiṣadha — boundary mountainHariland of enjoymentMahāhimavat — boundary mountainHaimavataland of enjoymentHimavat — boundary mountainBharataour region — karma-bhūmiMeruReading the mapSouth is at the bottom: Bharata,our own region, sits nearest the viewer.The six ranges run east-west andfix the widths of the regions, doublingup to Videha and halving after it (3.11).Bharata and Airāvata are karma-bhūmis:effort, austerity and liberation apply.Haimavata, Hari, Ramyaka andHairaṇyavata are bhoga-bhūmis: life ispleasant, and no path is practised there.Beyond Jambūdvīpa the Lavaṇa ocean,then Dhātakīkhaṇḍa, ring on ring,each twice the width of the last (3.7-3.8).

Chapter 3 · The wheel of time

The wheel of time

Six descending and six ascending stages (3.30).

Avasarpini and utsarpini cyclesSuṣamā-suṣamāSuṣamāSuṣamā-duṣamāDuṣamā-suṣamāDuṣamāDuṣamā-duṣamāAvasarpiṇī — declineUtsarpiṇī — ascentwe are here (5th stage of decline)

Chapter 4 · The four orders of gods

The four orders of gods

Each with its own hierarchy (4.1).

Four orders of celestial beingsBhavanavāsīresidential, below the surface10 classesVyantaraperipatetic — yakṣa, rākṣasa, bhūta8 classesJyotiṣkasun, moon, planets, stars5 classesVaimānikaempyrean — kalpa and beyondkalpopapanna / kalpātīta

Chapter 4 · Ascending the heavens

Ascending the heavens

Lifespan, radiance and purity rise; stature, craving and pride fall (4.21-4.22).

Inverse gradation across the heavensAnuttara (5)Graiveyaka (9)Kalpas (12/16)JyotiṣkaVyantaraBhavanavāsīpurity ↑pride, craving ↑

Chapter 5 · The six substances

The six substances

Extended (astikāya), with form (rūpī), and number (5.1-5.6).

Comparison matrix of the six substancesSubstanceAstikāyaHas formNumberJīvayesnoinfinitePudgalayesyesinfiniteDharmayesnooneAdharmayesnooneĀkāśayesnooneKālanonoinnumerable / aspect

Chapter 5 · Utpāda · Vyaya · Dhrauvya

Utpāda · Vyaya · Dhrauvya

Existence is origination, cessation and permanence at once (5.30).

The three marks of existence, illustrated with goldutpādavyayadhrauvyasatring appearsbangle endsgold remains

Chapter 5 · Atomic combination

Atomic combination

Snigdha and rūkṣa degrees determine binding (5.32-5.36).

Atoms binding by viscousness and drynesssnigdharūkṣaskandhaaggregate of atomsdifference of two degrees binds; equal degrees of the same quality do not

Chapter 6 · How karma flows in

How karma flows in

Activity opens the channel; passion makes it stick (6.1-6.5).

The mechanism of karmic influxYogabody · speech · mindĀsravakarmic matter entersWith kaṣāya → sāmparāyikabinds with duration and intensityWithout kaṣāya → īryāpathatouches and falls in one instant

Chapter 6 · Cause → karma map

Cause → karma map

The most practical passage in the scripture (6.11-6.26).

Which attitudes cause which karmasJñānāvaraṇīyamalice towards knowledge, concealing, envyAsātā-vedanīyacausing pain, grief — in others or oneselfSātā-vedanīyacompassion, charity, restraint, forbearanceDarśana-mohanīyaslandering the omniscient, scripture, saṅghaAśubha-nāmacrookedness of activity, deceitTīrthaṅkara-nāmathe sixteen bhāvanās (6.23)Antarāyacreating obstacles for others

Chapter 7 · Five vows and their bhāvanās

Five vows and their bhāvanās

Each vow is stabilised by five contemplations (7.1-7.3).

Five vows with supporting contemplationsAhiṃsānon-injurycare in movement, speech, eating, handling, mindSatyatruthno anger, greed, fear, laughter; measured speechAsteyanon-stealingseek permission, limit, precise conductBrahmacaryachastityavoid provocative talk, sights, company, foodAparigrahanon-possessivenesscontrol craving in each of the five senses

Chapter 8 · The eight karmas

The eight karmas

Four destroy the soul's powers; four shape embodiment (8.4-8.5).

Eight karmas with subtypes and analogiesJñānāvaraṇīyaghātī5 subtypesveil over the eyesDarśanāvaraṇīyaghātī9 subtypesdoorkeeperMohanīyaghātī28 subtypeswineAntarāyaghātī5 subtypestreasurer who withholdsVedanīyaaghātī2 subtypeshoney on a swordĀyuaghātī4 subtypesfetterNāmaaghātī42 subtypespainterGotraaghātī2 subtypespotter

Chapter 8 · Four aspects of bondage

Four aspects of bondage

Every bond is fixed in four respects (8.3).

The four aspects of karmic bondagePrakṛtitype of effectdetermined by yogaingredient of the sweetSthitidurationdetermined by kaṣāyashelf lifeAnubhāgaintensitydetermined by kaṣāyasweetnessPradeśaquantitydetermined by yogasize

Chapter 8 · The fourteen guṇasthānas

The fourteen guṇasthānas

The ladder presupposed throughout chapters 8-10.

Fourteen stages of spiritual development1 Mithyātva2 Sāsvādana3 Miśra4 Avirata samyag-dṛṣṭi5 Deśavirata6 Pramatta-saṃyata7 Apramatta-saṃyata8 Apūrvakaraṇa9 Anivṛttikaraṇa10 Sūkṣma-sāmparāya11 Upaśānta-moha12 Kṣīṇa-moha13 Sayoga-kevalī14 Ayoga-kevalī

Chapter 9 · The 57 means of saṃvara

The 57 means of saṃvara

Six headings that stop the inflow (9.2).

Fifty-seven means of stoppage3 Guptirestraint of mind, speech, body5 Samiticareful walking, speech, alms, handling, disposal10 Dharmaforbearance … celibacy12 Anuprekṣāimpermanence … the teaching22 Parīṣahahunger … lack of faith5 Cāritrasāmāyika … yathākhyāta

Chapter 9 · Twelve austerities

Twelve austerities

Six external, six internal — the internal rank higher (9.19-9.20).

External and internal austeritiesBāhya (external)· Anaśana· Ūnodarya· Vṛtti-parisaṃkhyāna· Rasa-parityāga· Vivikta-śayyāsana· Kāya-kleśaĀbhyantara (internal)· Prāyaścitta· Vinaya· Vaiyāvṛtya· Svādhyāya· Vyutsarga· Dhyāna

Chapter 9 · Four kinds of dhyāna

Four kinds of dhyāna

Concentration is morally neutral until it is qualified (9.29-9.30).

The four kinds of meditationĀrtasorrowful — brooding on loss and painbinds karmaRaudracruel — dwelling on harm and crueltybinds karmaDharmyavirtuous — on the teaching and realityliberatesŚuklapure — four stages to total annihilationliberates

Chapter 9 · Twelve anuprekṣās

Twelve anuprekṣās

Reflections to be returned to daily (9.7).

Twelve contemplationsAnityaAśaraṇaSaṃsāraEkatvaAnyatvaAśuciĀsravaSaṃvaraNirjarāLokaBodhi-durlabhaDharma-svākhyāta

Chapter 10 · The final sequence

The final sequence

From the destruction of delusion to the summit (10.1-10.6).

The sequence leading to liberationMoha destroyed12th guṇasthāna3 ghātī destroyedkevala-jñāna, 13thYoga stopped14th, ayoga-kevalīAghātī exhaustedall karma goneŪrdhva-gamanaone samaya to the summit

Chapter 10 · Why the soul stops

Why the soul stops

Four causes of rising, one cause of stopping (10.5-10.6).

Upward motion of the liberated soulSiddha-śilā — the end of lokākāśa· pūrva-prayoga — the potter's wheel· asaṅgatva — the gourd freed of clay· bandha-cheda — the seed leaving its pod· tathā-gati-pariṇāma — the flame risingno dharmāstikāyabeyond, so nofurther motion